All About Tooth Sensitivity

By Dr. Boris Zusin · Published June 16, 2021

If you find yourself avoiding hot drinks and cold foods, then your teeth may be sensitive. Tooth sensitivity is common, and in optimistic terms, will be temporary. But when it’s chronic, it can affect the way you enjoy life. Your dentist can get to the bottom of this painful condition, but it’s essential to know why tooth sensitivity occurs and how you can relieve it.

What Causes Sensitive Teeth?

Tooth sensitivity involves the wearing down of the protective layers of your teeth. In healthy teeth, the enamel layer protects the crown from bacteria and food particles. Underneath the enamel, the dentin holds the tooth’s nerves and pulp. When enamel wears down, dentin becomes exposed to temperature changes through microscopic tubules that carry sensation to the nerve, causing dentin hypersensitivity. Common causes include:

• Tooth Erosion: Consistent exposure to intrinsic (stomach) or extrinsic (food and drink) acids can soften enamel over time.
• Tooth Decay: Plaque build-up wears down enamel, especially with poor oral hygiene, and can form cavities that also cause sensitivity.
• Gum Recession: Periodontal disease can expose the tooth root, leading to temperature sensitivity.
• Bruxism: Grinding your teeth at night wears down enamel and exposes dentin.
• Post-Dental Treatment: A tooth can become sensitive for a period after a crown or inlay is placed.

How Do Dentists Treat Tooth Sensitivity?

Because tooth sensitivity has many possible causes — age, gender, diet, and medical history all play a role — it’s essential to see a dentist who can provide immediate relief and, if needed, a long-term treatment plan. Your dentist may prescribe sensitive toothpaste and a soft toothbrush, along with mouth guards or restorative treatments for longer-lasting relief. For more questions regarding tooth sensitivity, contact our office and schedule an appointment.